COD is usually used as an estimator of biological oxygen demand (BOD) as the test is much less difficult and much more strong. In effectively-understood applications, the ratio of BOD to COD is recognized, and it is pretty basic to extrapolate a BOD focus from a COD test.Biological oxygen demand refers back to the number of oxygen necessary by micr

Data ought to be frequently verified to guarantee precision and regularity. The frequency of verification may change dependant upon the type of data, its complexity, and its criticality in selection-building procedures.Data integrity is Usually enforced in the database procedure by a series of integrity constraints or procedures. 3 varieties of int